My first PC and I am curious if I am using my RAM correctly and if there are any suggestions I should be utilizing. (GAMING PC) only showing 2133 Mhz on memory

Understanding RAM Performance and Optimization in Your Gaming PC: A Guide for Enthusiasts

Building a gaming PC is an exciting journey that involves not only selecting high-quality components but also ensuring they operate optimally. One common question among new PC builders is whether their memory modules are running at their advertised speeds and how to verify and optimize RAM performance. In this article, we will explore the key considerations, troubleshooting steps, and best practices to maximize your DDR4 memory performance on a high-end Ryzen build.

System Overview

Here’s a typical setup for a gaming enthusiast:

• Operating System: Windows 10
• Motherboard: Gigabyte X570 Aorus Pro Wifi
• CPU: AMD Ryzen 9 5950X (16-core, 3401 MHz nominal frequency)
• RAM: 32GB (2 x 16GB DDR4 sticks, 1.40V)
• Additional Components: Multiple cooling fans, high-resolution monitor (e.g., 1440p ASUS display)

Primary Concern: RAM Running at 2133 MHz Instead of 4000 MHz

It’s common for new builds to display RAM speeds lower than their rated specifications. Users might notice that in system performance tools, BIOS, or Windows Task Manager, the memory shows 2133 MHz, despite having enabled XMP profiles claiming to support 4000 MHz or more.

Understanding RAM Speed Measurements

First, it’s important to clarify how RAM speed is presented:

• Evident speed: The “effective” data rate (e.g., DDR4-4000)
• Reported MHz: The actual clock speed, which is typically half the effective rate (since DDR stands for “Double Data Rate”)

For example, DDR4-4000 operates at a base clock of 2000 MHz, but because of DDR’s double data rate, it is reported as 4000 MHz.

Verifying RAM Speed in BIOS/UEFI

To ensure your RAM runs at its rated speed, follow these steps:

1. Access BIOS/UEFI Settings: Reboot your computer and press the designated key (usually DEL or F2) to enter BIOS.
2. Enable XMP Profile: Locate the memory or overclocking section and enable the XMP (Extreme Memory Profile) profile. Ensure that the profile configured matches your RAM’s rated speed.
3. Save and Exit: Save changes and restart your system.

Checking RAM Performance in Windows

After configuring BIOS, verify the actual memory speed within