Decoding VirusTotal Results: Understanding the Nuances Beyond “False Positives”

In the realm of cybersecurity, interpreting the results from VirusTotal (VT) is crucial for discerning potential threats. For a long time, I mistakenly perceived any detection from a handful of antivirus (AV) programs as merely a “false positive.” Recent insights have led me to reevaluate this understanding, prompting me to share some key takeaways to help others navigate VT results more effectively.

Watch and Learn

To grasp the complexities of VirusTotal, I suggest checking out this informative video by MalwareAnalysisForHedgehogs: Understanding VirusTotal. It provides a clear overview of what different results indicate and how to analyze them.

Deciphering Detections

Reanalyze for Accuracy

First and foremost, if a file hasn’t been scanned recently, consider reanalyzing it. Detections can change over time, and VT provides historical data that can inform your decision-making processes.

Evaluate Malware Labels

Take note of the specific malware names listed in the results. Some tags, such as not-a-virus, indicate that the file isn’t malicious per se, but it may possess the potential for misuse. Nonetheless, be aware that not every AV vendor uses the same nomenclature.

Delving Deeper into Details

File Type Verification

Ensure that the file type accurately corresponds with its stated format. Anomalies here could be a red flag.

Check Submission Dates

Look at the initial submission date of the file. If it’s dated before the software in question was officially released, you might be looking at repurposed malware.

Investigate Alternate Names

Examine any alternate names associated with the file. If they reference unrelated entities, it’s likely that the file has been renamed with malicious intent. Nevertheless, generic names like “update.exe” or “test.pdf” don’t inherently indicate danger.

Analyzing Behavior

Observe File Activity

Investigate which files are created, deleted, or modified during the execution of the suspected file. A legitimate software update shouldn’t be interfering with essential system functions like disabling the antivirus or access to the task manager.

Registry Changes

Similarly, scrutinize any alterations made to the registry. Any unnecessary changes could signify malicious behavior.

Monitor Highlighted Calls

Pay